“Update on Tuberculosis” provides a comprehensive, guideline-based review of tuberculosis, integrating the latest WHO, CDC, and international recommendations. It systematically addresses epidemiology, etiology, classification, clinical features, diagnostic strategies, including microbiological and radiological methods, and evidence-based treatment regimens for both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis. The management of adverse drug reactions is extensively detailed. Retreatment protocols, latent tuberculosis infection management, and the care of special populations, such as pregnant women, individuals with HIV co-infection, and patients with liver disease, are covered following current clinical guidelines. Designed as a practical reference, this work supports healthcare professionals in delivering guideline-concordant care across diverse clinical scenarios.