Modbus is one of the oldest industrial network protocols in existence, yet still the #3 in popularity. As of July 2018, a new version appeared on the market. Surprisingly, no one ever wrote a detailed book about Modbus. In this publication the author, who has some 30 years of experience with Modbus, gives a good introduction to the protocol in all its versions, with industrial networking background explained as well. Also, the author has added a lot of practical information about how to handl...

The function of cognitive communication is to enable people and machines to acquire knowledge. The gain in knowledge lies in the information gained from the signals received. Machine languages and natural languages spoken by people differ in that the signals of machine languages have sharply defined meanings, while the meanings of signals of natural languages are highly fuzzy.

Werner Rupprecht explains how vague meanings arise in the brains of human beings, and that, paradoxically, owing to s...