Since the 1950s, the concept of the 'Atlantic Revolution' has been a vehicle to avoid looking at the phenomenon of the revolutions of the late eighteenth century only according to national boundaries. And yet some elements of this broad revolutionary phenomenon remained and remain under the radar. For example, the various oppositional movements against the policies of Emperor Joseph II (1780-1790), described as enlightened despotism, have until now been viewed largely as unconnected phenomena...